Theories of Management - 1221 Words

Theories gave organizations a framework for knowledge and a guide to achieving their goals. The Industrial Revolution prompted the need for better supervision of workers to boost productivity within the automobile, steel, and coal industries. It is because of this need that the various theories of management began to take shape. The classical management theory, which came about during the Industrial Revolution, focused on the single best way to perform and manage tasks. This enabled factories to operate year round and mass production of goods. But as the revolution went on, the factories divided into separate schools of thought regarding management yet still considered it to be a part of classical. The emphasis on manufacturing and†¦show more content†¦robberies, burglaries, and car thefts. It is from that information that supervisors can determine the areas that require more police presence. Most law enforcement agencies are made up of subsystems that allow the agency to function. These subsystems, such as the Detective Bureau, Administrative Bureau, Service Bureau, and Uniform Patrol Bureau all operate together as a whole which is what the systems school approach to management is based on. The managers of each of the bureaus are aware of the others function and communicate often. This is important so that the plans of one bureau do not negatively affect those of another. When an agency joins forces, so to speak, with an outside agency it s known as synergy. It increases the effectiveness of the cooperation. The systems approach tells managers to keep employees focused on the objective so that overall goals can be met. The contingency school theory is when those in management use approaches or take actions depending on that particular situation. This theory supports suing all or parts of past theories to solve a problem. Law enforcement utilizes this approach on a daily basis. Officers respond to calls for service in which they are expe cted to rectify. They use their years of experience and training along with past incidents of similarity and decide on what actions are necessary to take. The contingency school is based onShow MoreRelatedTerror Management Theory1289 Words   |  6 Pagesboth humans and animals, the understanding of one’s own mortality is uniquely human. How do we, as humans, deal with the terror that is associated with this knowledge? According to Terror Management Theory (TMT), developed by Jeff Greenberg, Sheldon Solomon, and Tom Pyszczynski (1989), the need for â€Å"terror management† is a fundamental function possessed by humans and cultural systems. Based on the writings of anthropologist Ernest Becker and inspired by Freud’s work on how death provokes belief in mysticalRead More Terror Management Theory Essay example905 Words   |  4 PagesTerror management theory (TMT) asserts that human beings have natural tendency for self-preservation if there is threat to oneâ €™s well–being (Greenberg, Solomon, Pyszczynski, 1997). It notes that we are the cultural animals that pose self-awareness on the concept of past and future, as well as the understanding that one day we will die. We concern about our life and death but aware that it is unexpected by everything. The worse matter is that we become aware of our vulnerability and helplessnessRead MoreManagement Theory And Management Theories1254 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of developing the management theories is to bring out better ways to manage people. According to Aguinaldo Powell (2002), management theory evolves con-stantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa. As essential personnel identify promising methods that assist in managing responsibilities, it will lead to management theories progressing. This paper will il-lustrate how management theories have emerged over theRead MoreManagement Theor y And Management Theories1272 Words   |  6 Pagespurpose of developing the management theories is to bring out better ways to manage people. According to Aguinaldo Powell (2002), management theory evolves con-stantly with the continuous stream of new ideas that come from the attempts to transform theory into practice, and vice versa. As essential personnel identify promising methods that assist in managing responsibilities, it will lead to management theories progressing. This paper will il-lustrate how management theories have emerged over theRead MoreManagement Theories And Management Theory1003 Words   |  5 PagesManagement Theories Management theory can be used in many organizations when starting out a business. It addresses how managers and leaders relate to their organization in the knowledge of their goals. It implements on how to set the goals and motivate their employees to perform in a high standard. Management theory consist of three important aspects operation strategy, innovation management and process management. Operation Strategy is to maximize the effectiveness of the whole production, butRead MoreManagement Theories Of Management Theory2222 Words   |  9 PagesManagement Theories Evolution Management practice cannot exist without the support of a theory. The complex character of management as the scholarly discipline, the variety of opinions concerning the essence and content of management theory, require systematizing knowledge about this phenomenon. Management theory is a relatively new science since its systematic development and academic research has started mostly in the 20th century. Although it is difficult to name the most important theories andRead MoreThe Theory Of Management Theory Essay1367 Words   |  6 Pagesconnecting readings for a theory of management from the theories of management course with the readings for a theory of leadership from leadership assessment and development course in that they have combined into one; an institutional theory of leadership. This integration of the two in a natural combination does argue and support the connections of varying fundamental aspects of leadership with institutional theory. The paper will explore and expla in an institutional theory of leadership and how itRead MoreThe Theory Of Management And Management1690 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Management is one of the remarkable activities within human society began with a group or to an larger organization that are able to accomplish a same goals and objectives, by defining what is management and how is important to human being society many management theorists have produces (many models that can be used for successful organization change and winners respond to the past and complexity of change and adapt learn and act quickly (Mildred,G. Sonia T. 2008 ) different theories or viewsRead MoreThe Contingency Management Theory And Management Theories1164 Words   |  5 Pagesof management, understand different management theories and to apply them appropriately depending on the organization, the mission and the situation. Flexibility is one of the greatest traits a manager can possess in an extremely competitive market. One management theory that subscribes to flexibility is the contingency management theory. Adaptability is crucial in today’s business environment, especially for organizations trying to remain significant in global industries. All management theoriesRead MoreThe Theory Of Management And The Scientific Management Theory Essay1208 Words   |  5 PagesTheories of management date back to the beginning of times. Every aspect of life contains some form of management. From managing oneself, to managing employees, to managing an entire corporation, management is a key part of life. Over time different theories have been developed and have evolved. Some of the first theories ever explored include the administrative management theory and the scientific management theory. While both of these theories were studied in depth, I believe that one of the greatest

Top Essay Topics on Issues with Climate Change Choices

Top Essay Topics on Issues with Climate Change Choices The coming to the consciousness of the world of the truth of climate change was a rather considerable phenomenon that it was developed to alter the way politics and related social relationship aspects will be undertaken. The truth is that we should do something about climate change fastwe don't have enough time to resist this over the subsequent 20 decades. Folks must bear in mind that nature is at the border of the catastrophe. Check if you're able to support your viewpoint. If you have not ever heard of Ultius, read Ultius reviews and discover more about how writing and editing services can assist you. The very question that countries to get held responsible to receive greater environment change hasn't yet provided adequate answers that could aid clear up the issue. The way it's often results in becoming more complicated beneath policy. The best method to be sure you're getting everything done right is to examine a great example. People learned to receive energy from various resources. They find solutions to environmental problems. Climate change will also have an effect on the financial state of the folks. It has the potential to drastically impact the future of the human race, and is intrinsically linked to the water supply across the world. It is one of the most important global issues facing the world today. It will have a huge impact on the people's health. The 30-Second Trick for Essay Topics on Issues with Climate Change Because the consequences of climate change are likely to be felt a little further away, individuals believe that we are able to always put it off. Among the consequences of climate change is the way that it will impact the people. It is a fact of life. Lastly, it is creating an increase in desertification. This post simply provides a select few articles to offer you a notion of what kinds of sources you might utilize. Quite frequently, the ideal topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get well prepared to research it. You're writing about a controver sial subject, and it's important to stay diplomatic and even-handed. Picking a terrific topic is a trying endeavor. If you're a working student or simply have zero time for the research work we'll let you create a robust and winning essay. To begin with, you will want to comprehend what kind of essay you're supposed to write. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. All the written essays are extremely easy and easy as a way to help students. Two-thirds of the Great Barrier Reef was damaged as a consequence of climate change. Folks should be ready for the inevitable consequences of the worldwide warming. Forests are the principal lungs of the Earth and the most important atmosphere for a wide selection of animals, birds and insects. Animals will not have any water or food to eat causing considerable amounts of animal deaths. The Unexpected Truth About Essay Topics on Issues with Climate Change Construction of infrastructure needed for generating wind energy isn't tedious as generally believed. A number of the things that have an impact on climate, like volcanic eruptions and changes in the sum of solar power, are natural. Likewise hydropower or biogas may be used for communications rather than batteries. Reducing temperatures of ac system also saves huge quantities of energy over the year. The attentiveness of assortments of greenhouse gases has grown as a consequence of individuals activities. Cash crops are an immensely significant part the economy in these types of nations. The gain in global temperature will allow it to be extremely tricky for farmers to grow crops to feed their family members and serve as their main source of income. This means a gain in global temps, a boost in excellent weather occasions like massive quantities, melting glaciers, and developing sea values, and a rise in ocean acid solution.

Tennessee Myths and Legends free essay sample

The only way the two young lovers could be together as to leave their families behind and elope. Encroached not only gave up the shelter, love and support Of her family, she also knew that she could not enjoy the shelter, love and support of Statutes family because she was Cherokee, and would never be accepted into their tribe. But she was so in love with Saute, she was willing to give up everything to be with him. She knew he was a very brave man and would do everything he could to take care of her.Saute and Encroached found a cave located in the side of Lookout Mountain. The entrance to the cave was partially concealed by bushes, and here was plenty of high grass for which to make a bed in the cave. There were plenty of birds and other animals that provided Saute a bountiful hunting ground. We will write a custom essay sample on Tennessee Myths and Legends or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A stream was nearby that supplied fresh water. They had everything they needed to begin their new life together. When Annoyances father found out that she and Saute had eloped, he was enraged.He vowed to find them and take out his anger on Saute. Many young Cherokee braves who had longed for the chance to win Annoyances love also volunteered to join the Chief of the Cherokees in his search. With so many people searching, it didnt take them long to find Saute and Encroached. Saute was suddenly attacked by a multitude of angry Cherokees. Annoyances father immediately gave the younger braves the order to kill Saute by taking him to the top of Lookout Mountain and throw him over the edge of the cliff.Her father insisted that Encroached be present on top of the mountain to witness Statutes death. He was deeply hurt and disappointed that his daughter had loved a brave from a rival tribe more than her own people and family. Standing on the edge of the mountain, Saute stood proud and looked his rival braves in the eye. With a clear, loud voice, he sang his death song. His voice echoed back between the mountain rocks. While Annoyances heart was breaking, she was also very proud of Statutes bravery.

Keurig Company

Introduction Keurig Inc. is a company that has ventured into the coffee business providing its clients with solutions to quick and effective coffee brewing. Since its inception in 1992, it has established itself with excellence, as its name suggests (Cravens Piercy, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Keurig Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company had succeeded in introducing the single-cup brewing system in to the offices and was seeking to expand its customer base to include the at-home segment. However, Keurig needed to employ proper marketing strategies in order to have advantage over the several single-cup competitors in the market. Therefore, the management team re-evaluated the strategies of their product plan and decided to revisit their decisions on the price and marketing strategies. This paper will discuss the appropriateness of the distribution and channel strategies employed by Keurig and also consider the validity of the pricing strategies. It will also look into the types of promotions used for the consumer sales and its appropriateness in today’s market. Distribution and channel strategies Distribution is one of the key elements in the marketing strategy. It helps the firm to expand its reach and to become more profitable. This is basically the process by which a firm makes its products or services available for use by the target market. The channel design used is critical for the particular company. Keurig employed the level one channel since it has a single intermediary – the distributors. For this purpose, Keurig employed several distributors to distribute the coffee brewers throughout the United States. With its several distributors, placement of its equipment was made fast and effective and all the maintenance services required were provided. This distribution and channel system ensured that coffee brewers were provided in offices whe re managers were seeking to eliminate the unnecessary hustles and inconveniences at the workplace in order to improve productivity and employee satisfaction. The distributors also managed the feedback from clients in order to create proper customer relationships and ensure customer satisfaction. The Keurig authorized distributors (KADs) worked together with Keurig, under the supervision of the vice president of sales. These marketing channels helped to bridge the gap between the producer (Keurig) and its consumers. This way, they brought the right products to the right consumers.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The distribution and channel strategies employed by the company ensured effectiveness and efficiency. This marketing strategy is still used today because there is value created by intermediaries. It is created through the reduction of the number of sales contacts required to reach the clients. The main functions of the KADs included the transactional functions, logistical functions and facilitating functions. All these functions are necessary in any vertical marketing system. The KADs performed all their functions well. This includes the distribution and maintenance of the coffee brewers. They also ensured that the feedback on problems was well handled in order to maintain proper customer relations. Pricing strategies for consumer sales Firms usually employ diverse pricing strategies when marketing their goods and products. At times, companies are forced to alter their prices depending on the demand and the presence of competition (Hooley, Piercy, Nicoulau, 2008). In order to select a proper pricing strategy, every business should understand the current market situation. Market research is also an efficient tool when it comes to determining what the clients are willing to pay (Bradley, 2007). One of Keurig’s challenges was the deter mination of the proper pricing strategy for their new product. Therefore, they conducted a market research in order to determine the people’s view on the new product and its price. The types of studies included the intercept surveys, the use of focus groups, an internet-based study and a survey of the current client base. The study area included three cities. All the participants had to consume at least a cup a day. From the study, the results showed that almost all the participants were satisfied with the coffee. Most of them also showed interest in the product concept. The main advantages pointed out by the participants were the convenience and efficiency of the brewing process. The brewer was also easy to use and it required minimal time to clean up. In order to gain insight on the pricing of the commodity, the management team reviewed previous market research that had been done. In addition to this, they wanted to determine the views of the participants concerning the pri ce of the products.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Keurig Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since the participants were satisfied with the commodity, they expressed their desires concerning the price. Most of them were willing to pay $0.55 for a cup of that coffee. Their response on the price of the coffee maker was also positive. For a price range of between $69 and $149, they were willing to pay over $130 for the coffee maker (Cravens Piercy, 2009). Another pricing strategy that Keurig used was the use of discount pricing. This was particularly when it came to the sale of their coffee makers in the offices. The coffee makers were given either without any charge or at a low monthly rental. This discounted pricing strategy was necessary for promoting its product and attracting new customers. Promotions for consumers Promotion is another element in the marketing strategy. This involves activities th at include the sale, advertisement, direct marketing and publicising of the company’s products and services. One of the promotion (marketing) strategies employed by Keurig was providing the coffee brewers to offices free of charge. This strategy was appropriate and is still appropriate today because it one of the best ways to get people’s attention. This is what is referred to as the free-prize-inside effect. Giving commodities free of charge does not devalue the product but only raises its visibility. This form of marketing seeks to take the word out about a new product. Keurig employed this strategy and in exchange, they made coffee sales. According to the marketing research conducted, the studies showed that the company’s product was a demonstrations-driven product. This meant that the company needed to put in place proper strategies of demonstrating the system to its customers. In order to advertise its products, Keurig launched point-of-sale advertising. Th ese were developed and displayed on the brewers. The company, with the help of a majority of the Keurig authorized distributors, participated in the joint marketing program to ensure the sale of brewers that had advertising. Another promotional strategy employed by the company was the use of the internet to conduct an internet direct marketing campaign. The main objective of this campaign was to create awareness of Keurig’s products and services.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Through this campaign, Keurig received several emails from current clients inquiring of the availability of the company’s products for home use. Therefore, the internet provided a proper avenue for advertising. Keurig also used a public relations campaign together with other marketing exercises to reach its clients. One of the key objectives of promotion in marketing is to differentiate a product. Keurig was seeking to differentiate its product – which was the away-from-home business that focused on distributing its products to offices. It wanted to introduce this product to include home usage. This led to the introduction of the Keurig-Cup for the home market. This was also driven by the demand by the ever-increasing client base. The new product (Keurig-Cup) was to be distinguished by colour and design. They were tan in colour and had a distinct base area. Sale of the Keurig-Cups was both direct and indirect. The KADs made direct sales to the target market. The roaste rs, on the other hand, made sales in both direct and indirect markets. This included making sales over the internet. Conclusion Keurig Inc. is a company that has specialised in the distribution of coffee products and coffee makers. It has succeeded in providing an away-from-home solution to coffee making and has provided a number of offices with the coffee makers that have made brewing easier. This efficiency may be seen in the speed at which the machine makes coffee. In addition to this, the coffee makers require minimal cleaning. The company was seeking to also venture into the at-home consumer market and this was to be done by introducing the Keurig-Cup that would be used in the homes. Keurig used a network of distributors for their distribution strategy. This included the use of Keurig authorized distributors. These distributors ensured that they performed the transactional, logistical and facilitating functions. For the pricing strategy, the company performed a market research in order to determine what the customers were willing to pay. Keurig also promoted its new product effectively in order to capture the attention of the potential clients. References Bradley, N. (2007). Marketing research: Tools and techniques. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cravens, D. W., Piercy, N. F. (2009). Strategic marketing (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Hooley, G., Piercy, N. F., Nicoulau, B. (2008). Marketing strategy and competitive positioning (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. This case study on Keurig Company was written and submitted by user Damari Herman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

a orange essays

a orange essays Just saying the name Agent Orange gets the attention of every Vietnam veteran, and I dare say most of the Australian and American public, not to mention the Vietnamese. It has been argued about, written about, researched and debated, published in magazines and newspapers, talked about on radio and television. It was the subject of documentaries, legal battles, and in Australia a Royal Commission that lasted some two years and cost 3.8 million dollars. Agent Orange was the code name for a herbicide developed for the military, primarily for use in tropical climates. Although the genesis of the product goes back to the 1940s, serious testing for military applications did not begin until the early 1960s. The purpose of the product was to deny an enemy cover and concealment in dense terrain by defoliating trees and shrubbery where the enemy could hide. The product Agent Orange (a code name for the orange band that was used to mark the drums it was stored in) was principally effective agai nst broad-leaf foliage, such as the dense jungle-like terrain found in Southeast Asia. The product was tested in Vietnam in the early 1960s, and was brought into ever widening use during the height of the war in 1967-68, though its use was diminished and eventually discontinued in 1971. Agent Orange was a 50-50 mix of two chemicals, known conventionally as 2,4,D and 2,4,5,T. the combined product was mixed with kerosene or diesel fuel and dispersed by aircraft, vehicle, and hand spraying. An estimated 19 million gallons of Agent Orange were used in South Vietnam during the war. The earliest health concerns about Agent Orange were about the products contamination with TCDD, or dioxin. TCDD is one of a family of dioxins, some found in nature, and are cousins of dibenzofurans and PCBs. Dioxin is formed by burning chlorine-based chemical compounds with hydrocarbons. The major source of dioxin in the environment (95...

Mangrove Habitat Profile

Mangrove Habitat Profile Their unusual, dangling roots make mangroves look like trees on stilts. The term mangrove can be used to refer to certain species of trees or shrubs, a habitat or a swamp. This article focuses on the definition of mangroves and mangrove swamps, where mangroves are located and marine species you can find in mangroves.   What Is a Mangrove? Mangrove plants are halophytic (salt-tolerant) plant species, of which there are more than 12 families and 80 species worldwide. A collection of mangrove trees in an area makes up a mangrove habitat, mangrove swamp or mangrove forest.   Mangrove trees have a tangle of roots which are often exposed above water, leading to the nickname â€Å"walking trees.† Where Are Mangrove Swamps? Mangrove trees grow in  intertidal  or estuarine areas. They are found in warmer areas between the latitudes of 32 degrees north and 38 degrees south, as they need to live in areas where the average annual temperature is above 66 degrees Fahrenheit. It is thought that mangroves were originally found in southeast Asia, but have been disbursed around the world and are now found  along the tropical and subtropical coasts of Africa, Australia, Asia, and North and South America.  In the U.S., mangroves are commonly found in Florida. Mangrove Adaptations The roots of mangrove plants are  adapted  to filter salt water, and their leaves can excrete salt, allowing them to survive where other land plants cannot. Leaves that fall off the trees provide food for inhabitants and breakdown to provide nutrients to the habitat.   Why Are Mangroves Important? Mangroves are an important habitat. These areas provide food, shelter and nursery areas for fish, birds, crustaceans and other marine life. They also provide a source of livelihood for many humans around the world, including wood for fuel, charcoal and timber and areas for fishing. Mangroves also form a buffer that defends coastlines from flooding and erosion. What Marine Life Are Found in Mangroves? Many types of marine and terrestrial life utilize mangroves. Animals inhabit the mangrove’s leafy canopy and waters underneath the mangrove’s root system and live in nearby tidal waters and mudflats. In the U.S., larger species found in mangroves include reptiles such as the American crocodile and American alligator; sea turtles including the hawksbill, Ridley, green and loggerhead; fish such as snapper, tarpon, jack, sheepshead, and red drum; crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs; and coastal and migratory birds such as pelicans, spoonbills and bald eagles. In addition, less-visible species such as insects and crustaceans live among the roots and branches of the mangrove plants. Threats to Mangroves: Natural threats to mangroves include hurricanes, root clogging from increased water turbidity, and damage from boring organisms and parasites.Human impacts on mangroves have been severe in some places, and include dredging, filling, diking, oil spills, and runoff of human waste and herbicides. Some coastal development results in total loss of habitat. Conservation of mangroves is important for the survival of mangrove species, humans and also for the survival of two other habitats – coral reefs and seagrass beds. References and Further Information: American Museum of Natural History. What Is a Mangrove? And How Does it Work?. Accessed June 30, 2015.Coulombe, D. A. 1984. The Seaside Naturalist. Simon Schuster. 246pp.Law, Beverly E. and Nancy P. Arny. â€Å"Mangroves-Florida’s Coastal Trees†. University of Florida Cooperative Extension Service. Retrieved online October 17, 2008 (as of August 2010, the document appears to no longer be online).

'Mass education has not brought a decline in religious observance. It Essay

'Mass education has not brought a decline in religious observance. It has, instead, reconfigured the ways in which Muslims kno - Essay Example With time, some of the traditional ways of people have faded away all thanks to the changes that the world has undergone. Everything has taken a turn to a certain direction. The economy has changed; the social lives of people have changed, and the cultural life of people and political atmosphere are different from the past. Whether all this changed have happened all for the positive reasons is yet unknown, but one thing is clear in all this; individuals have become more aware of their surroundings. They have come to see that the world around them is changing. They have acquired the knowledge and are literate enough to distinguish between things. This is one of the major developments that have occurred. Individuals have become more literate. They have come to learn more, and this brings them closer to understanding the changes that have occurred. Literacy has been something that has been taken seriously and it is considered a necessary aspect in the development of an individual. Peopl e now value the aspect of education more than they did a time ago (Kaplan, 10, 2006). They have become literate, and all this is because of development and change. Literacy has brought change in politics, economy, culture and tradition and the social lives of people. ... Much to the contrary, mass schooling and literacy have heightened the public interest in Islam and widened access to Islamic texts. This increasing demand for Islamic knowledge has created a highly charged educational field, where different interest groups and institutions vie for the hearts and minds of Muslims. The main focus will be turned on to two countries that have Muslim influence; Egypt and Turkey (Eickelman, 45, 1992). A number of ethnographic and historical studies that examine the place and politics of Islam in public education will be reviewed in order to give the basis of educational influence on Muslims. By the end of this essay, questions will be answered that relate to literacy and Islam. Questions like, â€Å"What happens to religious socialization when it becomes formalised (set curricula) and centralized (state-controlled)?† will be answered. Another area of interest that will be looked into is the Eickelman’s (1992) suggestion that states that, â₠¬Å"mass education has led to an â€Å"objectification† of Islam†. Also there will be a discussion of Starrett’s (1998) notion of â€Å"functionalization† of Islam – â€Å"putting it consciously to work for various types of political and social projects†. There is also another area of interest that relates to the discussion; Kaplan’s (2006) thesis that the religious nationalists of post-1980 Turkey have promoted an â€Å"Islamic secularity† through school curricula. All this will be put into consideration in order to test whether literacy has brought Muslims closer to them realizing their true heritage and embracing it. Public education is not, of course, confined to formal schooling. Saba Mahmood (2005), for example,

Historical essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Historical - Essay Example Works of art, sure to give pleasure and improve the public opinion; and public institutions of various kinds, which will improve the wellbeing of the people .in discouraging charity. He says the primary consideration should be to help those who help themselves: by providing a means by which people who desire to rise a stepping stone by which they may rise.The idea of building public institutions that may include schools, colleges, and medical centers will help people gain services like education and health. Education will at the end help one get ways to create wealth and to gain the rightful idea on proper administration of their hard earned money and general property. Building a ladder is much better than spoon-feeding an individual in a lifetime. Better use the resources we have (the brains) to create other resources for the coming generation (Carnegie) 2. Carnegie believes that â€Å"the man who dies thus rich dies disgraced?"This is to say that a rich man must ensure that the poor in his/her community are by all means uplifted to a level they can fend for themselves. If the rich man happens to die richer without achieving the target of improving the lifestyles of the fellow beings, he/she dies disgraced. It is only until one fulfills the aim he lives for to be happy even in death. All rich men must ensure their wealth is returned to the society in best ways possible. Because Carnegie believes in using ones wealth to benefit the community while still alive, by funding the creation of public utilities. He says that the rich who die leaving behind them millions of usable wealth to administer during his life such a person will not be honoured, wept nor sung even if they commission their wealth to do something good after their death. They must use their money and property to build public institutions that can benefit all people in th e

HIV- Infected Surgeon and a Duty to Disclose Essay Example for Free

HIV- Infected Surgeon and a Duty to Disclose Essay In Case 12 a doctor, Dr. M, has learned he is infected with HIV, should he disclose to his patients that he has HIV or even discontinue his practice of performing surgery on patients? In a study that was taken 2.5 times for every one hundred surgeries performed about one-third of those procedures the patient is touched with the surgeons’ blood. In the same study they have found that for every one hundred surgeries that a surgeon performs with HIV only three patients will contract HIV from the surgeon. Dr. M does not have an obligation to refrain from performing surgery due to the low risk of contracting HIV from him and with any surgery there are risks, such as death that have to be taken into consideration. While Dr. M doesn’t have the obligation to terminate his profession of a surgeon he does hold the obligation to disclose to his patents he is HIV positive. If he discloses this to them this allows for the patent to decide whether or not to continue the procedure with him. When he discloses this information to them he will also need to provide the facts and information to them of the low risk they have of contracting the virus from him. Just as Dr. M is obligated to disclose his information of the virus he carries to his patients so does this patents hold the same responsibility to provide that information to him. The patient providing this information to their surgeon is more critical then the surgeon providing it to them for the simply fact a surgeon has more exposure to blood than a patient does. For most patients the fear of the unknown is the worst disease of all but at times information is hard to attain. As a health care provider you should never allow the fear of not knowing what disease you have that could be passed along to your patients be in their minds. With the chosen profession of being a physician imposes a set of duties and obligations, which raise additional questions and concerns. As a physician you have accepted the obligation of do no avoidable harm, be as skilled and knowledgeable as possible, recommend and do what is best for the patient, and be honest with them. Along with these duties they also assume the responsibility and challenge of providing the facts that the patient needs in order to give a voluntary informed consent for the surgeon to perform surgery on them. As a surgeon they need to know whether it will impair their ability to perform their tasks safely and competently. They also need to know if it will pose any significant risk to their patients now or in the future. If the surgeon is or will become impaired they need to resolve the impairment. If this is not possible they may need to limit or change the kind of surgery they perform. The risk of HIV acquisition from an infected surgeon appears much lower than the risk bacterial infections, even those with deadly potential. These rates vary by surgeon and institution. It is not in the practice for surgeons to disclose their personal health information to potential patients. Similarly, most surgeons don’t openly disclose the number of similar cases they do annually, another factor associated with complication rates. Given this practice, it seems inappropriate to require disclosure of a lower-risk condition. That may change as risk-adjusted institutional and even surgeon-specific data become publicly available. Until then disclosure of HIV status seems inappropriate. It may arouse anxiety unnecessarily and have no practical effect on risk reduction. It may be that some patients would be more fearful of a low risk of HIV infection than of a serious adverse drug reaction, postoperative hemorrhage, or sepsis, but that is not a strong argument for routine disclosure. It is a reason to answer a direct question truthfully. While there may be an understandable hesitation to answer a patient’s pointed question about their surgeon’s HIV status, medical ethics and respect for persons demand an honest answer, just as they would to a question about training, experience, or complication rates. Therefore, surgeons should pose to patients the risks real and potential in a generic way and how they should be managed. Obtaining fully informed consent is morally necessary in order to acknowledge and respect an individual patients autonomy. Truth disclosure is an integral part of this acknowledgement. Accusations of paternalism may arise from decisions to restrict information to patients. The caring professions require patients trust in order to deliver care effectively. Being seen to care for a culture of openness may enhance patients trust in the professions while the appearance of concealment would certainly diminish it. In a society with an increasing culture of openness, and where the right to information from governments and official bodies is receiving attention, it would seem desirable to provide comprehensive information about risks. Patients have a right not to be harmed by their medical practitioner. This right is cherished in the concept of non-maleficence. While it is the duty of a doctor to do good to patients (benevolence), a particular treatment may not help all individuals. Thus, the least that a doctor should do is to do no harm. By not informing patients of their exposure, transmission might not be recognized, thus patients would be harmed by the denial of appropriate treatment. Moreover, if patients are infected, they constitute a transmission risk to those around them. Health care providers should not adopt the paternalistic approach of deciding for their patients what level of risk is acceptable, but should consider patients views. Autonomy and truth disclosure are important influences on this decision. In deciding whether to inform patients, a balance must be struck between their desires to know of past exposure to risks, and the professional view that when risks are negligible, patients need not be informed. It is strongly suggested that patients needs should be given greater weight.

The Fine Arts are Essential for the Attainment of Human Excellence Essa

The Fine Arts are Essential for the Attainment of Human Excellence Fine art exists since the beginning of time. Its creation does not begin with that of mankind, for, verily, nature is the origin of all art; the ultimate of all artists. Humans, however, are not blind to it at birth. Since the bestowal of vision, both physical and that of the mind, man is expressing the desire to make corporeal that which it beholds. Evidence of this is found in ancient cave paintings, an attempt to immortalize a moment from the past, depicting one from another life. Undoubtedly there have also been drawings in the sand made by the tough-skinned fingers of the primordial ancestor. This urge to reincarnate the sights beheld by memory remains in the being of the present-day homo-sapiens. And between now and then, those with this trait dominant have been the creators and fashioners of paintings and sculptures sometimes revered as divine. Furthermore, these occupations require such skill, such craft knowledge, and finesse, that any other employment performed with a similar degree of these attributes is often given the status of an art. Indeed, the pursuit of the philosophy can also be deemed as such, as it requires just those graceful actions in the form of thought. The two are in fact much closer to being the same than not, and thus, the idea that they work together in complimentary engagement, is not so far fetched. The proceeding examination, therefore, lays the foundation in inspecting what art is, its function, and where its boundaries lie. Secondly, the endeavor extends into an analysis o how fine art can and does help to further the cause that is philosophy. The final conjecture here is that the fine arts are positively necessa... ...irdly, the achievement of human excellence is deemed to occur through the practice of philosophy. Finally, due to the before mentioned, the focal practice of art is essential for the attainment of human excellence through philosophy. Works Cited Herrigel, Eugen. Zen in the Art of Archery. Trans. R. F. C. Hull. New York: Vintage. 1981. Lao Tzu. Tao Te Ching. Trans Stephen Mitchell. New York: Harper. 1988. Plato. Euthyphro, Apology, Crito. Trans. F. J. Church. Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall. 1948. Strong, David, and Eric Higgs. â€Å"Borgmann’s Philosophy of Technology.† Technology and the Good Life? Eds. Eric Higgs, Andrew Light, David Strong. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 2000. Strong, David. Lecture. Introduction to Philosophy and Religious Thought course. Rocky Mountain College, Billings, MT. Spring semester, 2000.

Brand Personality Framework Essay

Sincerity: Sincerity brands are those which makes caring image towards customers by showing honesty, wholesome and Cheer. Examples: Dalda is comes under sincerity category because the positioning statement (JAHA MAMTA WAHA DALDA) shows the sincerity towards customers and culture. Cadbury dairy milk is also the good example of sincerity because they are positioning themselves as â€Å"Toh phir kuch meetha ho jaye† which shows that it is used on the occasions of happiness and also shows sincerity and respect toward customers. There customers are kind and family-oriented. Excitement: These type of products promote daring, imaginative and adventurous environment and target people which are experiencers. Examples: Mountain dew and Marlboro cigarettes create daring and adventurous environment in their ads and usually target young people who are experiencers. They show the different style in their ads which are apart from regular drinks and regular cigarette brands. There customers are care free, youthful and spirited in nature. Competence: These brands are famous and successful in market. These products attract customers because they are reliable and intelligent. Examples: Most of the Sony customers are loyal and not ready to shift to other brands. Same case is for Lipton, many people have tradition of drinking Lipton tea because their ancestors also drink this also. Sony and Lipton, these types of brands have loyal customers and are successful and reliable in market. Sophistication: Sophisticated brands are those brands which targets upper class and have charming look. They promote executives and decent style. Example: Mercedes and Rolex both brands have similar image in customer’s mind, both offer luxury and charm. These both brands target upper class and their advertisements are not for everyone, there advertisements are very rare and in some specific regions.Their customers are elegant, prestigious and pretentious in nature. Ruggedness: In this category tough and outdoor products comes which have long durability and strong nature. These are usually outdoor products which can be used in travelling and have long life. Examples: Hummer and woodland both targets the people with tough personalities who likes to travel and hike and prefer adventure in their lives. They both gives strong durable quality products to survive the ridged and tough areas in travelling like in villages and hilly areas. Their customers are outdoor loving, loves travelling and have athletic behavior.

Steve Jobs Leadership

Some would say that Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple Computers Inc. , was an exceptional leader. However, there are many who would disagree with that statement. Jobs could define leadership in some aspects, yet he fell short in others. Jobs’ leadership style is difficult to pin down because his position fit very many styles. Steve Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 and in 1984 he created the Macintosh, the first small computer with a graphic interface. Unfortunately in 1985 Jobs was forced to leave after an internal power struggle with the companies CEO. Jobs later returned to a struggling Apple after 12 years and turned the company around. During the 12 years he was away, Steve Jobs created successful companies such as Pixar and NeXT. Pixar was acquired by Disney and NeXT was acquired by Apple Computers upon Jobs’ return. Jobs created such technological staples as the Ipad, Ipod, and Iphone. Steve Jobs was also known for his excellent speeches and captivating his audience. Unfortunately in 2011, Steve Jobs lost a long battle to pancreatic cancer. The characteristics of a superior leader are not hard to identify. Drive, integrity, self-confidence, and knowledge of business are characteristics of an exceptional leader. All of the above described Steve Jobs. Jobs was a very driven man, not for money, or power. Jobs believed that power is a necessity for what actually drove him: achievement itself. Jobs’ persistence was shown even more after leaving Apple. Steve could have spent his life dwelling over his loss, but instead he created two new, very successful companies. Maybe this drive is why Forbes named Jobs 2007’s most powerful person in business. Integrity was important to Jobs; his drive would push him to live up to what he promised. At times, following through with his promise would not always come out in the â€Å"nicest† way. Jobs was known to be difficult to get along with, especially in team meetings. Steve Jobs’ self-confidence was over flowing and considered arrogant by some, but he always believed in what he was trying to accomplish. Jobs’ knowledge of his business was extraordinary, revolutionizing technology at every turn. One of Jobs’ greatest quotes on leadership is â€Å"Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower† (Jobs, 2006). Steve Jobs’ leadership style is very difficult to clearly identify. Jobs’ characteristics and traits sporadically fit into different leadership styles. Jobs would be classified as an autocratic leader, he tells people what to do, asserting themselves, and serving as a model team member. Jobs was definitely not a democratic leader, it has been said that Jobs hated team meetings and was rather rude when employees spoke their mind. Steve Jobs could also be classified as entrepreneurial, despite the fact that he is a multibillionaire, his work ethic never changed. Andrew Dubrin defines an entrepreneur as â€Å"someone with a strong will for achievement and a sensible risk taking, high degree of enthusiasm, tendency to act quickly on opportunity, being impatient, visionary, amongst others† (Dubrin, 2010). Dubrin’s definition describes Steve Jobs to a tee. A transformational leader is one who â€Å"brings about major, positive change for the group, organization or society† (Dubrin, 2010). Jobs’ leadership showed many similarities to a transformational leader except one, Jobs lacked the humane qualities necessary. Jobs’ could also be considered a charismatic leader. Steve’s exceptional ability to captivate his audience during a speech is the time his charisma can be clearly seen. Jobs could fit himself into whichever scenario necessary to reach his audience. Steve Jobs is such an exceptional businessman, leader, and innovator. I have enjoyed learning more about his leadership and his career. Jobs has made me realize that there is no cookie cutter style of leadership that one person can follow. I found it helpful to relate different leadership styles to an actual person. To have a detailed explanation about how the text about leadership changes into real life is useful. He has made me open my eyes to the possibility that no one leadership position is more effective than another. Jobs was not necessarily the warmest of bosses yet he was still able to find that personal connection with his customers. Steve Jobs was able to interest and excite the consumer to have his latest â€Å"miracle. † Not every leader is great at everything, even the best struggle with certain aspects of their leadership. For me, I can see how the lessons that I have learned in my research will apply in my future. I have learned not to ever give up, always keep your eyes focused on the goal ahead. No matter how big or small the project is, the end goal is the same; success. Steve Jobs’ ability to rise above disappointment or despair and move on with such drive to succeed is extraordinary. This drive has motivated me to want to strive for the same. Steve Jobs has given me the examples of leadership that shows that how a strong leader can revolutionize the world. Think of how many homes have Iphones, Ipads, Ipods, or any other Apple product in their home. The products have become the â€Å"norm† in many homes. What a feeling of accomplishment Steve Jobs’ must have felt. All of his hard work and ingenuity is shown in the excitement his customers show with his inventions. I would consider Steve Jobs to be one of the most effective leaders that I have had the pleasure of researching. Being able to overcome being pushed out of the company that he co-founded is unbelievable. Only to later come back to that company and be able to turn around the sinking company. What a display of true leadership Steve Jobs showed the country. Steve was able to show not only his fellow Apple employees but everyone in the world how drive and perseverance can inspire anyone to reach for the stars. References Bateman, . & Snell, . (2009). Management: Leading and Collaborating in a Competitive World [University of Phoenix Custom Edition eBook]. : . Retrieved from, MGT330 website. Jobs, S. (2006, January 24). The leader-follower [Video file]. Retrieved from Subconscious Films website: http://www. subconsciousfilms. Kramer, D. (2010). david. kramer. wordpress. com. Retrieved from http://davidkramer. wordpress. com/2010/02/15/leadership-behaviours-and-attitudes-of-steve-jobs/ Steve Jobs Leadership Case Study. (2011). Retrieved from http://www. leadership-with-you. com/steve-jobs-leadership. html

Well regulated militia

A Well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms , shall not be infringed. Amendment II, Bill of Rights Constitution of the U.S. The Second Amendment has been a major issue in American politics since 1876. In question is the intent of this Amendment. Was it meant to insure that people in general have arms for personal service, or was it intended to insure arms for military service? The nation's powerful gun lobby, the National Rifle Association, holds that it means the right to keep and bear arms -any arms. This privileged right is given to those 60-65 million people who choose to own guns. The NRA also believes that human character defects cannot be changed by a simple regulation of guns. They argue that problems with firearm ownership cannot be, in any way, associated with criminal violence. The lobbyist give credibility to this statement by adding that criminal violence continues to increase in cities like New York and Washington DC, even though gun control statutes were put into affect. They point out that gun laws would not have stopped most addicted killers. According to the NRA, anti-crime measures are the way to conquer urban violence, not anti-gun measures. The hope of most members in the association is to educate people about guns. The association is willing to reveal proper usage of guns to non-gun owners. They feel that this training could help reduce some of the tragedies involving guns. The issue of gun control has become a dividing line in America. To gun control activists, the issue is about crime and the regulation of the weapons used to commit these crimes. In their opinion, law abiding citizens should have no need for guns. In this respect, the big controversy seems shallow . However, to t...

Causes of the Great Migration (1910-1970)

Causes of the Great Migration (1910-1970) Between 1910 and 1970, an estimated six million African-Americans migrated from southern states to northern and Midwestern cities. Attempting to escape racism and  Jim Crow  laws of the South, African-Americans found work in northern and western steel mills, tanneries, and railroad companies.   During the first wave of the Great Migration, African-Americans settled in urban areas such as New York, Pittsburgh, Chicago and Detroit. However, by the onset of World War II, African-Americans were also migrating to cities in California such as Los Angeles, Oakland and San Francisco as well as Washingtons Portland and Seattle. Harlem Renaissance leader Alain Leroy Locke  argued in his essay, â€Å"The New Negro,† that â€Å"the wash and rush of this human tide on the beach line of the Northern city centers is to be explained primarily in terms of a new vision of opportunity, of social and economic freedom, of a spirit to seize, even in the face of an extortionate and heavy toll, a chance for the improvement of conditions. With each successive wave of it, the movement of the Negro becomes more and more a mass movement toward the larger and the more democratic chance - in the Negros case a deliberate flight not only form countryside to city, but from medieval America to modern. Disenfranchisement and Jim Crow Laws African-American men were granted the right to vote through the Fifteenth Amendment. However, white Southerners passed legislation that prevented African-American men from exercising this right. By 1908, ten Southern states had rewritten their constitutions restrict voting rights through literacy tests, poll taxes and Grandfather clauses. These state laws would not be overturned until the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was established, granting all Americans the right to vote. In addition to not having the right to vote, African-Americans were relegated to segregation as well. The 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson case made it legal to enforce separate but equal public facilities including public transportation, public schools, restroom facilities and water fountains. Racial Violence African-Americans were subjected to various acts of terror by white Southerners. In particular, the Ku Klux Klan emerged, arguing that only white Christians were entitled to civil rights in the United States. As a result, this group, along with other white supremacist groups murdered African-American men and women by lynching, bombing churches, and also setting fire to homes and property. The Boll Weevil Following the end of slavery in 1865, African-Americans in the South faced an uncertain future. Although the Freedmens Bureau helped to rebuild the South during the Reconstruction period, African-Americans soon found themselves reliant on the same people who were once their owners. African-Americans became sharecroppers, a system in which small farmers rented farm space, supplies and tools to harvest a crop. However, an insect known as the boll weevil damaged crops throughout the south between 1910 and 1920. As a result of the boll weevil’s work, there was less of a demand for agricultural workers, leaving many African-Americans unemployed. World War I and the Demand for Workers When the United States decided to enter World War I, factories in northern and Midwestern cities faced extreme labor shortages for several reasons. First, more than five million men enlisted in the army. Secondly, the United States government halted immigration from European countries. Since many African-Americans in the South had been severely affected by the shortage of agricultural work, they responded to the call of employment agents from cities in the North and Midwest. Agents from various industrial sectors arrived in the South, enticing African-American men and women to migrate north by paying their travel expenses. The demand for workers, incentives from industry agents, better educational and housing options, as well as higher pay, brought many African-Americans from the South. For instance, in Chicago, a man could earn $2.50 per day in a meat packing house or $5.00 per day on an assembly line in Detroit The Black Press Northern African-American newspapers played an important role in the Great Migration. Publications such as the Chicago Defender published train schedules and employment listings to persuade Southern African-Americans to migrate north. News publications such as the Pittsburgh Courier and the Amsterdam News published editorials and cartoons showing the promise of moving from the South to the North. These promises included better education for children, the right to vote, access to various types of employment and improved housing conditions. By reading these incentives along with train schedules and job listings, African-Americans understood the importance of leaving the South.

A statical review and analysis of the effects of Coca and Tea Intake Essay

A statical review and analysis of the effects of Coca and Tea Intake on Blood Pressure - Essay Example major steps: (1) Selection of studies; (2) The statistical procedures carried out to ensure that there was no publication bias and data heterogeneity was actually; (3) The actual data comparison on the effect of coffee and tea intervention on blood pressure. Selection of studies. Prospective articles for the meta-analysis were selected from the results of searches performed on major electronic medical databases (SCOPUS, EMBASE, and MEDLINE), the Science Citation Index, and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry. Matches were found using the search items â€Å"chocolate,† â€Å"cocoa,† â€Å"tea,† â€Å"blood pressure,† â€Å"cardiovascular,† â€Å"endothelium† and â€Å"hypertension.† From the search, 3106 articles were screened for relevance, but only 454 were retrieved for assessment. From these, 409 studies were screened out because neither tea nor coffee was reported to have an effect on blood pressure. More studies were excluded because they were only observational, have incomplete randomization or outcome, treatment was shorter than 7 days, and used only supplements. Finally, only ten papers were included: five studied the effects of coffee and the other five studied effects of tea on blood pressure. All were randomized controlled trials on at least 10 adults. Data was extracted from the papers independently by two investigators, and then an eleven point Jadad scale was used to evaluate the trials. Jadads scale is a five questions scale, originally used to assess the quality of clinical trials. It asks about randomization, double –blinding, description of withdrawals from the study, description of the blinding and randomization (Clark, Castro and Filho). The interrater coefficients of agreement (kappa-ÃŽ º) were 0.94 for data extraction, and 0.89 for the quality of the trials. Participants were determined to be unblinded to the interventions. The changes in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in cocoa, tea or control groups were presented as

Final Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Final Project - Research Paper Example Investment that was made in Brazil could have been overinvestment that made the business spend much on fixed assets. The production capacity that is not used in this situation does not generate any cash hence becomes a waste of cash. Negative flow of cash in Brazil could also be caused by too much stock in the country. The stock will tie up cash and through this; there is increase in risk that the stock become obsolete. Allowing too much credit during sales is a factor that is able to lead to negative cash flows (Chorafas, 98). Credit to customers is a way to build revenues but late payments are a problem that always arises but a strain on cash flows. Overtrading is a factor that could make Brazil has negative cash flows. Overtrading occurs when the business expands quickly putting on pressure on short-term finance. Seasonal demand in the products also is a factor that has led to negative cash flows in the country as the goods are mainly demanded during war times (Chorafas, 209). There are feelings by investors that the statement of cash flow is the most transparent and this makes it difficult to fudge. This makes it to be the most reliant in the business to discern the true performance of a business. The division of cash flow statements is divided into three major areas making to be the most effective for use in the business (Dominguez and Tesar, 204). The division includes operating activities that constitutes the revenue generating activities to the business. Investing activities are also a composition of a cash flow statement that constitute payments that are made to acquire long term assets as well as cash that are received from sales. Financial activities constitute activities that will change equity or borrowings of a business. Currencies that are to be hedged by Raptor International are those that are on sales and investments. The currencies when hedged will enable holding onto foreign currencies as an investment such that a

Celebrity Influence on the Community Research Paper

Celebrity Influence on the Community - Research Paper Example Celebrities influence makes the audience to admire their publications and their lifestyle according to Turner (2004). Some community members tend to imitate celebrities due to media influence, peer pressure as well as lack of self confidence. Media invades the society with variety of information about celebrities thus making the society create more interest in celebrities. For instance, Britney spears who was targeted by paparazzi sometimes back was reported in a popular magazine to have married her best friend after an out of control night. Afterwards the wedding turned to a nightmare despite the fact that it was exposed to the public. Therefore the media is said to have played a major part in celebrity influence to the community. Some members of the community are also influenced by celebrities due to their lack of confidence. Some individuals who are shy or lack personality is most cases find pleasure in imitating other people as suggested by Chaturvedi (2008). This way they had up being drawn to the lives of celebrities and try to fit in it. For instance in a movie titled Attracting Peers, a certain character, Mandy Moore acts as a shy high school girl who altered her appearance to that of Madonna. This attitude is in most cases encouraged by teenagers who believe that by imitating the lives of celebrities, makes them more acceptable to the society. Teens as they try to gain popularity, they had up being affected by celebrity influence. Peer pressure has also contributed to celebrity influence in the community. In high school, teenagers tend to copy the lives of their peers who are celebrities themselves. This is because most of the teenagers admire the lives of celebrities due to their fame and interest in fashion as suggested by Redmond and Holmes (2007). Therefore some individuals imitate the celebrities so as to become part of them and they had up being influenced. The various roles played by celebrities in Hollywood, attracts many people in the communit y to an extent that they admire them and thus imitate their lives. The society has been soaked up in celebrity holiday destinations as they are advertised in newspapers and other media. According to Bowen and Clarke (2009)., a study which was recently contacted by Internet travel community site, Trip Advisor, showed that sixty eight percent of the respondents visited a holiday hotspot which receives a lot of celebrity tourists. The celebrities’ holiday decisions are related with the type of lifestyle choices of many people and their social aspirations. For instance after Nicole Kidman and Keith Urban, celebrities in Australia, honeymooned in Bora Bora the number of people visiting the area increased tremendously. There has been a controversy regarding the influence of celebrities in tourist destinations according to Marshall (1997). Some argue that it halts the flow of tourists while others argue that it endorses it. This is because some incredible acts such as immorality ass ociated with celebrities create a negative attitude towards them. According to Choi and Yocam (2010), this results to negative influence to those who perceive celebrities in this perspective. Celebrity influence to the community has also been enhanced by marketing practices whereby companies and organizations use celebrities in marketing their products. This makes individuals in the society aspire to be celebrities so a

Reflect on the Way the Workplace Will Change During Career

Reflect on the Way the Workplace Will Change During Career Reflect on the way the workplace will change during your career. How will it affect you? How will you prepare? How will you respond to the changes? With the social development and progress of the times, people change their workplace. They prefer to work at home instead of working in the office. Every people has their own work methods. Some prefer to work in office ‘cause they can come up with a lot more new ideas. But I think it is better for workers to work alone. Because they are more productive when they sit there alone and think independently. By making a reasonable and flexible schedule, they can manage the time and control the pace and thus improve their working efficiency. Also, they are not easily distracted by some other things like noise, laughter, etc. Instead, they are more focused and trying to accomplish the task by themselves. When workers meet to work in office, they often waste time discussing matters that have nothing to do with their work. Another reason is working at home can save more dispensable time and fee. People can efficient avoid the peak of traffic jam. And also someone think home can provide more comfortable environment, in the noon, people usually want to sleep or have a break. But working in the office can develop worker thinking skills and sense of cooperation by discussing problems together. Since everyone thinks in different ways, they have to learn how to communicate and work well with others. And workers can help each other to analyze the problem and identify possible solutions quickly. I think that the high-tech will help us tackle almost everything we are faced with. Internet and cell phones supply us many possibilities and opportunities. What is more, with advancement of modern society, forms of communication become more and more convenience, we can communicate with leaders and colleagues any time and at any place. In conclusion, it is apparent that working at home could enhance the efficiency of working, enables us to save lots of money, and bring us more opportunities to take care of our family members. Assignment 2-6 Assignment Topic: Think of discrimination you have observed, been the subject of, or perhaps you were the perpetrator of. Reflect on the situations that you feel were (are) particularly unfair. Reflect on any situations that you feel were reasonable in the circumstances. We often meet in the life of discrimination. Most of people have experienced some kind of discrimination when seeking jobs some organizations pose ridiculous conditions when recruiting new employees. In recruitment advertisements, enterprises often list lots of discriminative prerequisites such as age, gender, height, graduate schools and specific location of household registration. I mainly talk about sexual discrimination, age discrimination living and habit discrimination. First, Sexual discrimination still can be seen frequently in our daily life. Compared to man, women have more difficulty in getting a job and more chance of getting demoted or denied when they are qualified for the job the same as or even better than man. What’s more, sexual harassment to women is another common phenomenon can be seen at office. In my opinion, I feel Sexual discrimination is particularly unfair. As far as I am concerned, to solve the problem, certain associations should be established to supervise companies and women themselves ought to increase the awareness to protect their rights. Second, some employers are who will choose not to hire someone or promote someone because of that persons age. Most elderly can communicate well, are experienced planners, can organize and prioritize, and are good problem solvers. On the other hand, Young people are missing out on opportunities to progress at work simply because some employers assume they are too young to cope with more responsibility. In my opinion, I feel age discrimination is particularly unfair. Age discrimination is illegal. Third, living and habit discrimination like smoking. Smoking causes many illnesses. A lot of people always cough because of smoking. Meanwhile smoking is a waste of money. Besidesà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’ careless smokers may cause dangerous fires. In my opinion, I feel were reasonable in the As smoking habits discrimination. In order to keep healthyà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’ we should get rid of the bad habit of smoking. In conclusion, I think that mostly discrimination is wrong and should be stopped. Assignment 3-6 Assignment Topic: Reflect on the situations outlined on the previous slide. Would you work for these companies? Why or why not? Do you think that most people would agree with you? But millions of people work for companies with these characteristics. How might their employees rationalize working for them? Wouldyou work for a company manufacturing legal products that have been found harmful to the health? Would you work for a company using cheap labor in India, China or other developing markets? Would you work for a company that has recently been embroiled in financial scandal? Would you work for a company that is often criticized in the media for exploiting the resources of third world countries? Would you continue working for a company that becomes involved in a bribery scandal abroad? Would you work for an organization whose product has never been proven and is criticized by most scientists? Applying for a job is one of the most suffering yet exciting things for human beings. People have to think about tons of realistic matters when applying for a job, such as salary, size of the company and working hours. But there are more important things to consider. First, I don’t work for a company manufacturing legal products that have been found harmful to the health. In my view, health is better than wealth. I think that most people would agree with me. But millions of people work for companies with these characteristics. My rationalize proposals is that it is obligatory for all employees to wear protective clothing. Second, I don’t work for a company using cheap labor in India, China or other developing markets. In my view,, the company exploited its workers with long hours and low pay. I think that most people would agree with me. But millions of people work for companies with these characteristics. My rationalize proposals is that the union is in talks with management about renewing the workers contract. Third, I don’t work for a company that has recently been embroiled in financial scandal. In my view, the company will close down.. I think that most people would agree with me. But millions of people work for companies with these characteristics. My rationalize proposals is that employees are going to get a new job. Fourth, I don’t work for a company that is often criticized in the media for exploiting the resources ofthird world countries. In my view, each countries must have an equitable share.. I think that most people would agree with me. But millions of people work for companies with these characteristics. My rationalize proposals is that employees were should give out advisable suggestion. Fifth, I don’t work for a company that becomes involved in a bribery scandal abroad. In my view, company has overthrown the basic standards of morality.. I think that most people would agree with me. But millions of people work for companies with these characteristics. My rationalize proposals is that the union is in talks with management about establishing the new basic standards of morality. Sixth, I don’t work for an organization whose product has never been proven and is criticized by most scientists. In my view, I just look for company whos honest to society no matter what.. I think that most people would agree with me. But millions of people work for companies with these characteristics. My rationalize proposals is that No making until the product is completely proven. Therefore, they are all important when deciding to work for a company.

America And The Ludendorrf Offensive :: essays research papers

The Entry of the USA and the Failure of the Ludendorff Offensive. The Entry of the USA. Both of these factors were very important in determining the outcome of the war. The American factor was important because when America joined the war, it was a critical period for the allies (April 1917). At the time they joined, Britain only had six weeks supply of corn, the French armies were exhausted after Verdun and French morale was so low that ten divisions had mutinied so the American involvement boosted the allies morale. At the time the Russian army was disintegrating after the February revolution so the German army for the first time, could transfer all their troops on the Eastern front to the Western front, so for the first time in the war having numerical superiority on the Western front, also because of the treaty of Brest-Litovich the Germans had much more guns and equipment that the allies. Also at the time, the Italians contribution was much weakened by the battle of Caporetto in November, so the situation at the time for the allies was quite dire! The US navy, when America entered the war, sent lots of destroyers to Ireland to help with anti-submarine patrols. Also, US Admiral Simms enabled Prime Minister Lloyd George to overcome Admiralty resistance to the convoy system so cutting our ship losses from twenty five percent to one percent, which was vital, if Britain was to stay in the war. Also America closed off the submarine threat from Germany by laying a big mine barrage across the North Sea. Although it was not until June 1918 before the Germans had enough troops in Europe to do any serious damage to the Germans and it was not until September that the Americans were strong enough to launch a major offensive (the Meuse-Argonne battle that engaged 1.2 million Americans for 47 days). The US armies also gave the allies the margin of Victory by giving us many men and guns that we would not have otherwise had. I.e.: In April 1918 the Germans had 300,000 more men that we did on the Western front but by November 1918, the allies had 600,000 more men than the Germans on the Western front. This was in part because that Germans were losing many lives through the Ludendorff offensive but mainly because the Americans poured many men in to Europe. America And The Ludendorrf Offensive :: essays research papers The Entry of the USA and the Failure of the Ludendorff Offensive. The Entry of the USA. Both of these factors were very important in determining the outcome of the war. The American factor was important because when America joined the war, it was a critical period for the allies (April 1917). At the time they joined, Britain only had six weeks supply of corn, the French armies were exhausted after Verdun and French morale was so low that ten divisions had mutinied so the American involvement boosted the allies morale. At the time the Russian army was disintegrating after the February revolution so the German army for the first time, could transfer all their troops on the Eastern front to the Western front, so for the first time in the war having numerical superiority on the Western front, also because of the treaty of Brest-Litovich the Germans had much more guns and equipment that the allies. Also at the time, the Italians contribution was much weakened by the battle of Caporetto in November, so the situation at the time for the allies was quite dire! The US navy, when America entered the war, sent lots of destroyers to Ireland to help with anti-submarine patrols. Also, US Admiral Simms enabled Prime Minister Lloyd George to overcome Admiralty resistance to the convoy system so cutting our ship losses from twenty five percent to one percent, which was vital, if Britain was to stay in the war. Also America closed off the submarine threat from Germany by laying a big mine barrage across the North Sea. Although it was not until June 1918 before the Germans had enough troops in Europe to do any serious damage to the Germans and it was not until September that the Americans were strong enough to launch a major offensive (the Meuse-Argonne battle that engaged 1.2 million Americans for 47 days). The US armies also gave the allies the margin of Victory by giving us many men and guns that we would not have otherwise had. I.e.: In April 1918 the Germans had 300,000 more men that we did on the Western front but by November 1918, the allies had 600,000 more men than the Germans on the Western front. This was in part because that Germans were losing many lives through the Ludendorff offensive but mainly because the Americans poured many men in to Europe.

Management Planning – the Boeing Company

Management Planning – The Boeing Company Management Planning Boeing is an aerospace company, a manufacturer of commercial jetliners and military aircraft. Boeing also designs and manufactures rotorcraft, electronic and defense systems, missiles, satellites, launch vehicles and advanced information and communications systems (Boeing Company, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to evaluate management planning for the Boeing Company. The Boeing Company’s business is conducted by its employees, managers and corporate officers led by the chief executive officer, with oversight from the Board of Directors. The Board’s Governance, Organization and Nominating Committee periodically review the Company’s corporate governance principles and current practices (Boeing Company, 2010). Business planning at Boeing is persuaded by internal and external factors such as: legal issues, ethics, and corporate social responsibility. Factors such as laws, economic conditions, and competition influence the company’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning (Boeing Company, 2010). Legal Issues The planning process of the company can be problematical, at times, by legal issues, which can put the company in a bad position. In August of 2000, the Boeing Company settled two lawsuits that allege the Seattle-based manufacturer placed defective gears in CH-47D â€Å"Chinook† helicopters and then sold the aircraft to the United States Army; the amount of the settlement was for $54 million. Boeing used two subcontractors, Litton Precision Gear of Bedford Park, Illinois and SPECO Corporation of Springfield, Ohio to manufacture the flight-critical transmission gears for the helicopter. One of the gears, manufactured by Litton, failed in flight, causing an Army Chinook helicopter to crash and burn while on a mission in Honduras in 1988. Five servicemen aboard were killed. Two of the gears manufactured by SPECO failed in flight in Chinook helicopters. One craft, which crashed in January 1991 during Operation Desert Shield in Saudi Arabia, was totally destroyed. Two individuals aboard were injured. In another incident at Ft. Meade, Maryland in June 1993 during a training flight, a Chinook sustained over one-half million dollars in damage. The helicopters destroyed in Honduras and Saudi Arabia were valued at more than $10 million each (U. S. Department of Justice, 2000). Boeing suffered a huge monetary lost in addition to the bad publicity and reputation that these defective gears. Boeing has learned from these mistakes and has implemented processes to analyze the background checks for every subcontractor hired by the company. Ethics Boeing’s business plans cannot happen without integrity (Boeing, 2010). The Boeing Company has a strict ethics policy that was created to protect the company and its employees. All employees at Boeing are required to obey all the information given in the employee Code of Conduct handbook. Boeing has a hotline, which employees can call to ask questions or report violations of policies. The Finance department has additional policies that must be followed for the accurate reporting of company financial records. It is essential for policies to be followed so the integrity of the company is not compromised. An example of bad ethics that influenced the company dramatically was when Boeing was in June of 2006. A legal issue involving an investigation over the improper acquisition of proprietary documents from a rival, the Lockheed Martin Corporation, which Boeing employees used to try to gain government rocket launching business (Leslie, 2006). In the end, Boeing’s financial chief was sentenced to four months in prison for ethics violations for offering a job to a former Air Force official and in the rocket launching case, Boeing was suspended for 20 months from Air Force rocket business. Boeing was estimated to have lost $1 billion in government contracts because of the suspension. Boeing chairman, W. James McNerney Jr. stated the company was already moving forward with substantial efforts to strengthen the company’s ethics and compliance. Because of poor ethics, Boeing lost over $1 billion dollars for the company (Leslie, 2006). Cooperate Social Responsibility Giving back to the community is a Boeing core value. The company and its employees work in partnership with communities globally (Boeing Company, 2010). Currently they are partnered with community organization in 26 states, 14 countries and 6 regions outside the U. S. Boeing employees have contributed more than $10 million through a company gift-matching program, and volunteered thousands of hours of personal service. Boeing employees gave an additional $31. 5 million through the Employees Community Fund, one of the largest employee-owned funds in the world (Boeing Company, 2010). Economic Conditions Current economic circumstances are deciding factors on how Boeing plans operationally, strategically and tactically. Since the United States’ severe economic downturn in the past couple of years, Boeing has suffered due to airlines being in financial trouble. Business has reduced greatly and Boeing has forced some cancellations and deferrals of aircraft orders, but Boeing said it has other customers waiting in line for new, more cost-efficient planes. The recent economic downturn makes it clear that Boeing must retain flexibility in controlling global manufacturing plans. (Ann, 2008) Competition Competition is another reason why Boeing has to plan tactically and strategically. Airbus is Boeing’s biggest rival in the airline industry. Lockheed Martin is Boeing’s biggest competition in defense systems. In addition to conducting their own internal research and development, Boeing is collaborating with some of the best research agencies, universities, and companies around the world. In doing so, they are leveraging technologies, to ensure Boeing stays ahead of the competition by providing the most innovative, and affordable aerospace solutions the world has to offer (Boeing Company, 2010). Government Regulations The Government plays a central role in aviation safety and has done so from the industry’s earliest days (Boeing Company, 2010). The Air Commerce Act put the government in the business of establishing air routes; developing air navigation systems; licensing pilots, mechanics and aircraft; and investigating accidents (Boeing Company, 2010). Government regulation has a direct impact on the production of new airplanes. When manufacturers design a new airplane they must obtain a â€Å"type certificate† from government regulators certifying that the design is airworthy (Boeing Company, 2010). The government also requires Certification of airline personnel and airport certificates (Boeing Company, 2010). Conclusion Several factors are implicated with business planning at Boeing, such as internal legal issues, government regulations, corporate social responsibility, economic conditions and ethics. The legal department at Boeing manages all aspects of planning in regards to ethics. Many organizations are sponsored by Boeing through its associations to assist them in their philanthropic efforts. Corporate social responsibility is important because customers and potential clients assess businesses on the efforts the company makes to be socially responsible. The ethics in the code of conduct handbook created at Boeing are expected to be followed by every employee and subcontractor. Boeing needs to keep up with new technology and innovative ideas to be in the vanguard and ahead of the competition due to current economic conditions. The airline industry is influence much by government regulations, such as, certificates, regulatory standards, and enforcing rules affect how fast an airplane can be made. The planning process at Boeing is an ever-changing process due to varying changes in their internal and external environment. Reference Ann, K. (2008). 2nd Update: Boeing 3Q Hurt by Machinists’ Strik;: Stock Down. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from http://www. smartmoney. com/news/ON/? stroy=ON-2008 1022 -000844-1245 Boeing Company. (2010). About Us. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from http://www. boeing. com/companyoffices/aboutus/ Boeing Company. (2010). Corporate Governance. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from http://www. boeing. com/corp_gov/ Boeing Company. (2010). Ethical Business Conduct Guidelines. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from http://www. boeing. com/companyoffices/aboutus/ethics/ethics_booklet. pdf Boeing Company. (2010). Government’s Role in Aviation Safety. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from http://www. boeing. com/commercial/safety/government_role. html Leslie, W. (2006). Boeing Ethics Woes Take Toll on the Bottom Line. The New York Times. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from http://www. nytimes. com/2006/06/30/business/30boeing. html U. S. Department of Justice. (2000). Boeing to Pay U. S. For Selling Army Defective Helicopters. Retrieved April 17, 2010, from http://www. justice. gov/opa/pr/2000/August/450civ. htm

A Double Standard in “A Doll’s House” Essay

In today’s society, all are taught the social structure that is meant to be followed and not changed; yet, are also taught to stand up for something if enough belief is put into it- a double standard by most accounts. Such standards exist in the play A Doll’s House by Henrik Ibsen. Set in the time where women’s equality was a joke and with an ending too shocking for the German public, this play brought into light the â€Å"two kinds of spiritual law one in man one in women† (Rosefeldt) this view outlines the distinct standards held for each gender that can be seen throughout different works of literature and even in today’s society. Rosefeldt emphasizes Ibsen’s view that this world is â€Å"exclusively a male society†¦with prosecutors and judges who judge women’s behavior from the male standpoint.† (Rosefeldt) From this, it can be agreed that such a standard exists. Looking back on literature, many unique examples can be found. In the epic, The Odyssey, Odysseus’s wife, Penelope, is remains faithful to her husband, of which has been gone for twenty years. Just in the act of being faithful lends to the fact that she was automatically expected to by her peers. No matter how much suffering, she was still to go with the social norm and wait. In stark contrast, Odysseus was presented with many chances of infidelity (the Sirens & Calypso) as the gods pressed obstacles in the way of his journey home. Despite the gods’ attempts, Odysseus’s own morals prevented the expected to occur. From this view, the story directly contradicts itself in regards to gender standards. Between the non-chalant attitude towards Odysseus if he were to cheat and the â€Å"Penelope must always stay faithful under and circumstance† perspective, it is implied that women are not at the same liberties as men when put in the same situation. In the play itself, the double standards set between Nora and her overly-dominant husband, Torvald, can be clearly seen. Many times throughout the play, Nora is referred to as a bird or squirrel as Torvald is always called by his name, implying that their relationship is â€Å"an overly-close bond† (Rosefeldt) – with Torvald in charge. As Nora struggles with her secret transaction throughout the play, she deeply ponders leaving Torvald and her family or even killing herself. Her deep consideration bluntly differs Torvald’s instantaneous decision to get rid of her as soon as he found out about her under-the-table loan. Greatly improved from the times this play was written, women aren’t property and most have their own jobs and careers. Even with their jobs though, women are still expected to be the homemaker. Throughout history, women have always been seen as the child-bearing counterparts to their bread-winning husbands-just look at any classic American sitcom. Although, much in those ways have changed in the past few decades, modern sports still hold the standard to a degree. Cheerleading, previously thought to be an exclusively girl sport, is increasingly growing popularity as a unisex sport. On the contrary, seldom is a girl seen playing football; rather rare to see a girl playing on a team other than in a pee-wee league or a backyard family game. In the end, whether agreed or not, there is, in fact, a double standard between men and women- though some subtle, these age-old and well-known lines aren’t and probably won’t be getting crossed anytime soon. Either way you look at it, one simple question sums it perfectly; would there be a story if it were Torvald who had borrowed the money?

Free Essays on Humanties Primary Source

Analysis of Art â€Å"The Maids of Honor† by Diego Rodriguez de Silva Velasquez is a canvas painting created in 1656-57. This piece of art is rather dark, Velasquez is controlling what it is that you see. He uses natural light such as from a window and shows how some parts of a room may be seen and other parts not. We see three maids of honor dressed in elaborate clothing preparing for a painted portrait. Servants are also in the room assisting with the activity. The artist has painted himself in the picture along with the King sneaking a peak at the preparations. Everyone seems to be looking in your direction to infer that you are in the picture or they are looking in to a mirror. As an observer of this painting I feel that a very important activity is taking place. The use of straight lines have made the figures of importance very clear. These lines are somewhat defined leaving a crisp picture. I feel this picture is very direct in imaging but confusing of what is happening. The use of color is very calm, cool and kind of vivid, only being able to see that natural light allows. The shapes in the picture seems to be people and objects that are easily recognized, yet the picture also creates an illusion and hides what is really going on (ie, what are they looking at). This picture has depth with a since of a crowd but also an impression that there is a lot of room. This painting shows how the artist used the brush to imply actual creases in the fabric to give it a real appeareance. This painting leaves a question for the viewer, a question that is complex and confusing. I feel this painting is trying to break through the bounders restricted by the canvas and try to involve the viewers. The artist restricts what we see; color creates us to look at different places in the picture. The over design makes you feel that there is more to see than meets the eye. I would value understanding the picture, being able to s... Free Essays on Humanties Primary Source Free Essays on Humanties Primary Source Analysis of Art â€Å"The Maids of Honor† by Diego Rodriguez de Silva Velasquez is a canvas painting created in 1656-57. This piece of art is rather dark, Velasquez is controlling what it is that you see. He uses natural light such as from a window and shows how some parts of a room may be seen and other parts not. We see three maids of honor dressed in elaborate clothing preparing for a painted portrait. Servants are also in the room assisting with the activity. The artist has painted himself in the picture along with the King sneaking a peak at the preparations. Everyone seems to be looking in your direction to infer that you are in the picture or they are looking in to a mirror. As an observer of this painting I feel that a very important activity is taking place. The use of straight lines have made the figures of importance very clear. These lines are somewhat defined leaving a crisp picture. I feel this picture is very direct in imaging but confusing of what is happening. The use of color is very calm, cool and kind of vivid, only being able to see that natural light allows. The shapes in the picture seems to be people and objects that are easily recognized, yet the picture also creates an illusion and hides what is really going on (ie, what are they looking at). This picture has depth with a since of a crowd but also an impression that there is a lot of room. This painting shows how the artist used the brush to imply actual creases in the fabric to give it a real appeareance. This painting leaves a question for the viewer, a question that is complex and confusing. I feel this painting is trying to break through the bounders restricted by the canvas and try to involve the viewers. The artist restricts what we see; color creates us to look at different places in the picture. The over design makes you feel that there is more to see than meets the eye. I would value understanding the picture, being able to s...

Where the Heart is essays

Where the Heart is essays Novalee is unlucky. She's seven months pregnant, homeless and headed to California for an unknown reason. Her dreams of houses, family and love seem far away. Willy Jack wants money. He craves boozes, sex and freedom. He finds himself jobless, with a pregnant girlfriend, and a beat up Plymouth destined for California. In the Billie Letts novel, Where the heart is the American dream involves family, friends, and material goods. Both Novalee and Willy Jack are in search of their dreams, the success of which relies on the decision they make along the way. Family is an important part of Novalee's dream. Novalee's childhood was filled with sadness. Her mother deserted her when she was young and thereafter, she bounced between foster homes until she met Willy Jack. In Willy Jack, Novalee believes she finds love. To her disappointment she does not. However, she finds happiness the baby that they made. Her baby becomes center of strength and her good fortune. "She ran her fingers across her navel and thought of the baby attached to the other side of it, imagining it could feel her touch so that it might even reach out to her." Page 53. Americus brings Novalee, the love and family she wants. Willy Jack sees family as an obstacle to pass in achieving his dream. He has a narrow view of his life. He desperately wants money and believes nothing else matters but it. Willy does not realize that he needs the love of others to help him through life. Willy passes up the option of family early on his quest for his dream. He deserts his pregnant girlfriend in the parking lot of a Wal-Mart. Leaving her with only $7.77 and the clothes she is wearing. "She could see herself running, calling his name- the parking space was empty, the Plymouth gone. He was going to California and had left her behind..." Page 16. Willy's desire for money compels him to ditch his family. Novalee cherishes the help and support friends provide du ...